A laparoscopy enables the surgeon or gynecologist to directly view the organs of the abdomen and pelvis.
The laparoscope is a sterile surgical instrument that has special optics that allow small amounts of light to be transmitted effectively. Carbon dioxide gas is pumped through a channel in the laparoscope into the abdomen. This creates a space within which the surgeon can look or operate.
A laparoscopy is performed under a general anesthetic. A small incision measuring 1 to 2cm is made in or just below the belly-button. Through this incision, the laparoscope is gently introduced into the abdomen.
Most laparoscopies are performed as part of the investigation of abdominal or pelvic pain. The most common illnesses diagnosed through laparoscopy are endometriosis, pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancy, ovarian cysts and appendicitis.